A review on lung cancer

Abstract

Lung cancer is a kind of cancer that starts as a growth of cells in the lungs. The lungs are two spongy organs in the chest that control breathing. People who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer increases with the length of time and number of cigarettes smoked. Quitting smoking, even after smoking for many years, significantly lowers the chances of developing lung cancer. Lung cancer also can happen in people who have never smoked. Lung cancer is the prime cause of cancer death among both men and women according to WHO report 2.09 million cases globally. It is also the chief cause of cancer death among men and the second leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The lung cancer classified into two different types is small-cell lung cancers (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). This article focuses on modifiable risk factors, including tobacco smoking, occupational carcinogens, diet, and ionizing radiation. It also discusses briefly the molecular and genetic aspects of lung carcinogenesis. Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer type with high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. Studies have chemotherapy. own that smoking, environmental factors including occupational exposure, radon exposure, air pollution, radiation, obesity, diet and hereditary susceptibility are related to developing risk of LC.