The Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

Information Structure and Inversion in English and Vietnamese: A Contrastive Study

Phuong Huynh Thi Bich — 2026-08-31

Word order encodes information structure in discourse, not only grammatical relations. In this paper, inversion in English and Vietnamese is studied in the perspective of information structure, considering the inversion as a communicative strategy for the distribution of given and new information, the construction of discourse frames, and the highlighting of focal content. The study examines four types of inversion including locative, directional, negative and presentational in terms of the notions of topic, focus and stage topic. The results show that, in both languages, fronted constituents function as stage topics, offering a discourse frame before new referents are introduced, while sentence-final position always encodes focal, discourse-new information. The two languages, however, differ widely in the grammatical manifestation of inversion. English inversion is syntactically restricted: verb class restrictions, mandatory auxiliary-subject inversion in negative constructions, and deictic marking in presentational structures. Vietnamese, which has no morphological inflection and no auxiliary inversion, depends on a discourse-oriented system of flexible constituent ordering. The stage-topic function in this system spans a continuum of constructions, including existential and copular structures, that does not conform to the discrete categorial boundaries maintained in English. This asymmetry is more basic than a difference in formal means: inversion is a syntactically licensed operation in English but a discourse-motivated positional strategy in Vietnamese.

FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR IMPROVED THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY

Abhi Priyatham Yadla — 2026-06-20

In the contemporary world of pharmaceutical sciences and drug delivery research, there is a swift and notable rise in the regulation as well as organizational governance of medications administered via the oral route. This significant increase occurs primarily due to its numerous well-established benefits, the wide availability of multiple diverse formulations that cater to various therapeutic needs. Within this evolving field, a particularly unique and innovative method known as Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery Systems (GRDDs) has emerged as a comprehensive and highly effective approach. These systems are specifically designed to enhance and prolong the duration that the drug remains present in the stomach environment, thereby facilitating the targeted and controlled release of the medication specifically in the upper section of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This targeted release mechanism supports both local actions within the gastric region and systemic therapeutic impacts throughout the body as required.including their detailed classification into different categories, the major benefits they offer, the associated constraints and limitations, the critical elements that influence stomach retention duration, methods of assessment and evaluation, the latest developments and innovations in the field, established guidelines criteria, and the promising future outlook of GRDDs moving forward in pharmaceutical research and application.

MAGIC BULLET NANOMEDICINES: BRIDGING MOLECULAR TARGETTING AND ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGIES

Keerthi Yathati — 2026-06-20

Drug Delivery Systems refer to the science of utilization of technologic advancements and biological polymer materials to deliver drug or gene to the body in clinical time and dose. Targeted drug delivery ensures increased concentration of medication in specific receptors in the body inherently being advantageous with respect to reduction in dose and side effects of drug. This paper discusses about the concept of magic bullet proposed by Paul Ehrlich as well as about the challenges of targeted drug delivery.The various nanocarriers being extensively exploited in targeted delivery are discussed in detail including quantum dots, mesoporous silica materials, metallic nanocarriers, and carbon nanotubes.

AI DRIVEN CLINICAL TRIALS: REDEFINING MEDICAL INNOVATION AND RESEARCH EFFICIENCY

Bharaneswar Thagarakunta — 2026-06-22

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made a noticeable impact on the pharmaceutical industry, transforming several key areas of its operations. Artificial intelligence (AI) is turning the field of clinical trial design, execution, and analysis around by undertaking long-standing issues of high expenses, extended periods, low success rates, and inefficiencies in patient and data number recruitments. AI has been used in clinical trials in protocol optimization, feasibility, analysis of trial outcomes, intelligent patient identification, real time monitoring of data and improved patient engagement. The recent integration of technology providers with pharmaceutical companies has increased the step of practical application of AI in clinical research. The collaboration of Pfizer with IBM Watson to recruit patients to clinical trials, Roche with Google Cloud to develop a digital biomarker, AstraZeneca with Benevolent AI to develop a drug using AI, and others reflect the increasing role of AI in the clinical trial ecosystems. The future of AI application in clinical trials will have to rely on further technological improvement, regulatory modifications, and interdisciplinary cooperation. Moreover AI Can enhance the trial efficiency and cost effective clinical research.

E-Banking Services and Their Influence on Small-Scale Entrepreneurs

Mishra Himadri — 2026-09-02

The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed the banking sector, leading to the widespread adoption of e-banking services. Small-scale entrepreneurs, who play a crucial role in economic development, employment generation, and financial inclusion, increasingly rely on digital banking facilities for their day-to-day financial operations. This paper aims to conceptually examine the influence of e-banking services on small-scale entrepreneurs by synthesizing existing literature and relevant theoretical perspectives. Adopting a conceptual research design, the study reviews prior studies on e-banking, digital payments, financial inclusion, and entrepreneurial development to identify key dimensions and relationships. The paper proposes a conceptual framework that explains how various e-banking services such as internet banking, mobile banking, digital payment systems, and online credit facilities contributes to improved business efficiency, cost reduction, financial inclusion, and overall entrepreneurial performance. The framework also highlights the mediating role of digital literacy, perceived usefulness, and trust, along with moderating factors such as education, age, and area of operation. The study offers valuable theoretical insights and practical implications for policymakers, financial institutions, and entrepreneurs, and provides a foundation for future empirical research in the area of e-banking and small-scale entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial Orientation and MSME Performance: A Conceptual Framework Highlighting the Role of Innovation Capability

Sweksha Singh — 2026-09-01

ReframingCorporateResponsibilityintheAgeofArtificialIntelligence:Advancing Human Relevance as a New CSR Principle

Prakash Gagan — 2026-09-07

Purpose: This paper seeks to reframe the ongoing scholarly and policy discussions surrounding the societal obligations associated with artificial intelligence (AI). While governments, regulatory bodies, researchers, media institutions, and end-users have been repeatedly examined as responsible actors in the AI ecosystem, the corporate sector has received comparatively limited conceptual attention. This study, therefore, advances a rearticulated understanding of corporate responsibility by proposing a dedicated principle that anchors how businesses ought to confront the ethical and societal implications of AI technologies.

Design/methodology/approach:The paper develops a conceptual argument structured around two analytical moves. First, it positions AI governance concerns within the broader evolution of corporate social responsibility (CSR), arguing that established CSR frameworks are no longer sufficient in the AI-driven business landscape. Second, it theorizes what an updated CSR principle-one explicitly oriented toward the development and use of AI—should encompass, drawing on emerging ethical norms, socio-technical debates, and global policy trends.

Findings: CSR principles have historically been shaped by prevailing ethical priorities and societal expectations. As AI systems increasingly mediate decision-making, operations, and stakeholder relationships, corporations must account for the preservation of meaningful human participation and value in AI-infused environments. This paper conceptualizes this obligation as the principle of human relevance, a more pragmatic and future-oriented alternative to the frequently invoked-but often impractical-ideal of human centrality. Similar to other CSR norms (e.g., integrity initiatives, anti-corruption measures, and transparency commitments), this AI-related principle may begin as a voluntary corporate standard but could crystallize into firmer regulatory expectations as societal demands evolve.

Originality/value: This study is among the first to argue systematically for the expansion of CSR principles to explicitly address AI. The formulation of human relevance as the normative core of such a principle offers a fresh intellectual lens, challenging existing assumptions and providing a more actionable orientation for corporate AI responsibility.