Nanotechnology in agriculture: a modern revolution

Shanmugarathinam A; Joshua Handel E; Rekha SV; Dhanishka BT

doi:10.37022/tjmdr.v5i2.761

Shanmugarathinam A Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620024.
Joshua Handel E Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620024.
Rekha SV Kanachur College of Pharmacy, University Road, Natekal, Mangalore, Karnataka-575018.
Dhanishka BT Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli 620024.

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/tjmdr.v5i2.761

Abstract

Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative approach in modern agriculture, addressing key challenges such as declining soil fertility, pest resistance, water scarcity, and environmental pollution. The integration of nanomaterials-such as nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, and nanosensors-enhances nutrient delivery, crop protection, and soil health through precise and controlled mechanisms. Nano-enabled fertilizers improve nutrient uptake efficiency, while nanocarriers ensure targeted pesticide release, reducing chemical waste and ecological damage. Furthermore, nanosensors provide real-time monitoring of soil and plant conditions, enabling data-driven and sustainable farming practices. Applications such as nanocoatings on produce also help extend shelf life and minimize post-harvest losses. Despite its immense potential to boost productivity, sustainability, and profitability, challenges remain, including high production costs, regulatory gaps, and uncertain long-term ecological impacts. Overall, nanotechnology holds great promise for transforming agriculture into a more efficient, eco-friendly, and resilient system for the future.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Agriculture, Nanofertilizers, Nanopesticides, Nanocomposites, Agricultural innovation

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