A review on: estimation and utilization of phytoconstituents in digoxin, atropine, vinblastine
Abstract
The word Pharmacognosy comes from the Greek language. Pharmakon means drug, and gignosco means to acquire knowledge. Medicinal plants are rich in bioactive phytoconstituents that play an important role in therapy.Digitoxin, atropine, and vinblastine are classical examples of plant-derived drugs with high clinical value. Estimated by spectrophotometry, HPLC, and immunoassays for therapeutic drug monitoring. Crude drugs are natural substances obtained from plants, animals, minerals, marine life, or microorganisms. Pharmacognosy is the scientific study of drugs that come from natural sources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. Primary metabolites, such as sugars, amino acids, and lipids, are essential for plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, on the other hand, are not directly involved in growth but play a vital role in the survival of plants.
Keywords:
Natural Sources, Primary Metabolites, Sources, Cultivation
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References
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2. Banakar UV. Pharmaceutical dissolution testing: CRC Press; 1991.
3. Rediguieri CF, Porta V, Nunes DS, Nunes TM, Junginger HE, Kopp S, et al. Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: metronidazole. 2011;100(5):1618-27.
4. Buwade P, Jadiya S, Shukla T, UpmanyuDNJWJoPR. Advantages of immediate release tablets over the other tablet forms. 2015;4(11):757-80.
5. Rahul M, Patil S, Shetkar M, Chavan D, Bhagwat PJP. A review on immediate release drug delivery systems. 2014; 2(8):95-109.
6. Perrie Y, Rades T. FASTtrack Pharmaceutics: Drug Delivery and Targeting: Pharmaceutical press; 2012.
7. Ahanger AM, Kumar S. Telescopic synthesis and encapsulation of anticancer drugs from Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth. with zeolitic imidazole framework‐8. Appl Organomet Chem. 2022; 36(11): e6869. doi: 10.1002/aoc.6869.
8. Upadhyay G, Malik J, Joshi R, Lakshmayya SU. Hepatoprotective potential of lyophilized hydro-alcoholic extract of Roylea elegans wall. Against CCL4 and PCM induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Ann Pharmacol Pharm. 2017; 2(8): 1045.
9. Grandhi MS, Kim AK, Ronnekleiv-Kelly SM, Kamel IR, Ghasebeh MA, Pawlik TM. Hepatocellular carcinoma: from diagnosis to treatment. Surg Oncol. 2016; 25(2): 74-85. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2016.03.002, PMID 27312032.
10. Nieto G. Biological activities of three essential oils of the Lamiaceae family. Medicines (Basel). 2017; 4(3): 63. doi: 10.3390/medicines4030063, PMID 28930277.
11. Bredael GM, Liang S, Hahn DJDT. A strategy for quality control dissolution method development for immediaterelease solid oral dosage forms. 2015;22:10-6.
12. Banakar UV. Pharmaceutical dissolution testing: CRC Press; 1991.
13. Milos M, Mastelic J, Jerkovic I. Chemical composition and antioxidant effect of glycosidically bound volatile compounds from oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum). Food Chem. 2000; 71(1): 79-83. doi: 10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00144-8.
14. Atta-ur-Rahman, Fatima J, Albert K. Isolation and structure of rosicine from Catharanthus roseus. Tetrahedron Letters.
15. Don G. Catharanthus roseus, medicinal plants of the world. New Jersey: Human press; c1999.
16. Gajalakshmi S, Vijayalakshmi S, Devi RV. Pharmacological activities of Catharanthus roseus: A perspective review. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2013;4:431-9.
17. Kuehna ME, Matson PA, Bornmann WG. Enantioselective Syntheses of Vinblastine, Leurosidine, Vincovaline, and 20-epi-Vincovaline. Journal of Organic Chemistry.
18. Mustafa NR, Verpoorte R. Phenolic compounds in Catharanthus roseus. Phytochemical Reviews. 2007;6:243-258.
19. Pezzani R, Vitalini S, Iriti M. Bioactivities of Origanum vulgare L.: an update. Phytochem Rev. 2017; 16(6): 1253-68. doi: 10.1007/s11101-017-9535-z
20. Pereira DM, Oliveira J, Ferreres F, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Sottomayor M. Targeted metabolite analysis of Catharanthus roseus and its biological potential.
21. Singh A, Singh PK, Singh RK. Antidiabetic and wound healing activity of Catharanthus roseus L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics. 2014
22. Wang Y, Dou L, He H, Zhang Y, Shen Q. Multifunctional nanoparticles as nanocarrier for vincristine sulfate delivery to overcome tumor multidrug resistance. Molecular Pharmaceutics. 2014
23. Farha AK, Yang QQ, Kim G, Li HB, Zhu F, Liu HY, et al. Tannins as an alternative to antibiotics. Food Biosci. 2020
24. Amde A, Masresha G, Hansha H, Asafa O. Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants in Debark District, North Gondar, Ethiopia. Int J Sci Res Multidiscip Stud. 2020
25. Tibebe D, Belete A, Kassa Y. Evaluation of total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activities of seed extracted from coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and black cumin (Nigella sativa). Food Anal Methods. 2024
Published
06/10/2025
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Badri, S., P, J. D., K, P., K, A., & P, D. (2025). A review on: estimation and utilization of phytoconstituents in digoxin, atropine, vinblastine. Journal of Innovations in Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JIAPS), 10(3), 27-36. Retrieved from https://saapjournals.org/index.php/jiaps/article/view/742
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