Current Situations and Future of Stem Cells in Cardio Vascular Medicine

Yaswanth Lingala

doi:10.37022/jcscr.v2i2.601

Lingala Yaswanth Priyadarshini Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 5th mile, Pulladigunta-522017, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. India.

DOI https://doi.org/10.37022/jcscr.v2i2.601

Abstract

The primary cause of death worldwide is cardiovascular disease, which is only slightly delayed by existing treatments. The potential benefits of cell-based therapies for improving heart function has been suggested by laboratory tests and recent clinical trials. This development is exciting since it has implications for cardiac regeneration. Stem cells has the remarkable capacity to self-heal, regenerate physiologically, and improve impaired functional organs or tissues. Two cell types that can be employed for heart repair are somatic stem cells and allogeneic stem cells. Blood flow can be restored by progenitor cells and other progenitor cells differentiating into vascular cell types. Recent research has demonstrated that local cardiac stem cells can differentiate into a variety of heart cell types, including cardiac muscle cells, suggesting that the heart is not terminally differentiated. Nevertheless, existing treatments do not promote regeneration to make up for the loss of functioning myocytes—rather, they merely slow the course of heart failure. With stem cell-based therapy, cardiac tissue is regenerated to improve cardiac function and lower patient morbidity and death rates. This is a unique approach that may be utilized to treat ischemic cardiac injury and heart failure. The incorporation of cardiac stem cells into tissue patches, methods for producing bioartificial myocardial tissue as well as entire organs, and possible sources of cardiac-specific stem cells—including mesenchymal, resident cardiac, embryonic, and survival in injured myocardium—will all be covered.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Stem cell, Cardiomyocytes, Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure

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