Journal of Case Studies and Case Reports

Assessment of Knowledge and Perceptions of Drug Regulatory Affairs among Pharmacists and Pharmacy Students

2026-06-18T18:31:04+0530

A vital part of the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory affairs (RA) includes important tasks such drug registration, product development, and post-marketing surveillance to guarantee the effectiveness, safety, and quality of pharmaceuticals. The purpose of this study was to assess Jordanian pharmacists' and pharmacy students' knowledge and comprehension of Regulatory Affairs and Drug Registration (DR). A structured questionnaire was used in a cross-sectional survey that was disseminated via social media, such as WhatsApp, to pharmacy students and pharmacists from different industries. Of the 411 respondents, 193 (47.0%) were pharmacists and the remainder respondents were students. The results showed that nearly half of the participants had little knowledge of the duties and obligations of RA professionals, and the majority of participants (77.4%) had not received any formal education related to RA during their undergraduate studies. The majority of responders underlined the necessity of better educational activities, including training courses, seminars, and lectures. Overall, the study reveals a sizable knowledge and awareness gap regarding regulatory affairs, indicating the necessity of adding RA-related courses to pharmacy curriculum and enhancing the function of regulatory organizations in order to better train next professionals.

A BENIGN SPINDLE CELL TUMOR-UNCOMMON CAUSE OF ADNEXAL MASS

2026-06-18T18:30:58+0530

Due to the higher risk of cancer, adnexal masses in postmenopausal women are clinically relevant. Aggressive surgical intervention and thorough histological investigation are frequently required when radiological findings reveal ovarian cancer. Adnexal benign spindle cell tumours are extremely rare and can resemble malignant ovarian neoplasms both radiologically and clinically. We report the case of a 69-year-old postmenopausal lady who complained of lower abdomen pain and had a big right adnexal tumour with imaging characteristics that could indicate ovarian cancer. A heterogeneous enhancing adnexal lesion with loss of fat planes and accompanying lymph nodes that seemed necrotic was shown by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The patient had an appendicectomy, infracolic omentectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and total abdominal hysterectomy. Intraoperative frozen section analysis revealed a benign spindle cell lesion, and conclusive histological analysis verified leiomyoma originating from the adnexal region with hyalinization and cystic degeneration. The time following surgery was uneventful. This case demonstrates the difficulty in diagnosing uncommon benign spindle cell tumours of the adnexa and the critical role histology plays in distinguishing benign lesions from gynaecologic cancers.

RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN ACUTE ORGANOPHOSPHATE POISONING: MECHANISMS, RECOGNITION, AND MANAGEMENT

2026-06-18T18:31:16+0530

Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is one of the serious health problems globally, especially in the agricultural regions of low, and middle, income countries, and respiratory failure has been identified as the principal cause of death. This review intends to summarize the main features of patophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of respiratory failure caused by OP poisoning. Respiratory failure is the result of the conjunction of multiple mechanisms, such as muscarinic, neuromuscular junction, and central depression. The clinical manifestations can be very different, from acute cholinergic crisis to intermediate syndrome so that the patient has to be carefully monitored and treated as soon as possible. The therapeutic approach involves immediate airway control, use of mechanical ventilation, and administration of atropine and oximes, which are antidotes. Although the pathophysiology of the disease has been well elucidated, the death rate is still high, so it is critical to make an early diagnosis and to administer intensive treatment without delay. This article presents a management protocol for this life, threatening condition currently supported by the existing scientific literature.

DRUG CASCADES IN ELDERLY CARE, CLINICAL RECOGNITION AND MANAGEMENT

2026-06-18T18:31:10+0530

Prescribing cascades happen when side effects from one medication in older adults get mistaken for a new health problem, leading to more prescriptions that pile on complications and make polypharmacy worse. This narrative review covers the background, underlying mechanisms, risk factors, and ways to spot them clinically, their impacts, management approaches, prevention steps, and the roles of healthcare teams, based on real-world hospital studies of multimorbid elderly patients taking several medications. Everyday examples include swelling from calcium channel blockers treated with water pills, or raised blood pressure from NSAIDs managed with blood pressure drugs-issues made worse by aging bodies that process medicines differently and multiple health conditions. These cascades often lead to more hospital stays, loss of daily function, and higher death risks tied to too many drugs. Effective management relies on pharmacists guiding medication reviews and safely stopping unneeded drugs to break the cycle, while prevention draws on tools like Beers Criteria, STOP/START guidelines, and educating patients. Teams of doctors, pharmacists, and nurses working together cut down adverse reactions. In busy hospital settings with limited resources, these practical steps can make medications safer and help older adults live better.