International Journal of Health Care and Biological Sciences

Formulation and evaluation of coconut oil body cream

D.Neelima P, Naga Subrahmanyam S, Sai Lakshmi G, Suvarna Jyothi Navuduri — Sat, 04 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0530

This study presents the formulation and evaluation of a coconut oil-based body cream incorporating natural ingredients such as aloe vera gel, vitamin E oil, and beeswax, with Liquid Germall Plus as a preservative. The objective was to develop a stable, skin-friendly formulation with moisturising, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The cream was prepared by blending oil and aqueous phases at controlled temperatures, followed by incorporation of active ingredients. This final product was evaluated for the organoleptic properties, pH, stability, and irritancy potential. The formulation demonstrated excellent stability, favourable sensory attributes, and was well-tolerated on skin, supporting its potential as a natural skincare product.

A review on exploring link between maternal tsh levels during gestational hypothyroidism and foetal developmental mile stones

Sun, 12 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0530

Pregnancy is a complex state with many endocrinological challenges to a woman’s physiology. Gestational Hypothyroidism (GHT) is an emerging condition where insufficiency of the thyroid gland has developed during pregnancy in a previously euthyroid woman. It is different to overt hypothyroidism, where marked elevation of thyroid-stimulating hormone with corresponding reduction in free thyroxine levels, is well known to cause detrimental effects to both the mother and the baby. During the past couple of decades, it has been shown that GHT is associated with multiple adverse maternal and foetal outcomes such as miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, placental abruption, foetal loss, premature delivery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral development. However, three randomized controlled trials and a prospective cohort study performed within the last decade, show that there is no neurodevelopmental improvement in the offspring of mothers who received levothyroxine treatment for GHT. Thus, the benefit of initiating treatment for GHT is highly debated within the clinical community as there may also be risks associated with over-treatment. In addition, regulatory mechanisms that could possibly lead to GHT during pregnancy are not well elucidated.

A review on proton therapy of cancer

Pravallika Devi I, Asma Parveen SK, Prapurna Chandra Yadala, Suchithra M — Thu, 06 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0530

Proton therapy has emerged as an advanced form of external beam radiotherapy that exploits the unique physical property of the Bragg peak to deliver high radiation doses to tumours while minimizing exit dose to surrounding normal tissues. This dosimetrist advantage is particularly relevant in paediatric cancers, central nervous system tumours, head and neck malignancies, and situations requiring re-irradiation, where reduction in late toxicities and preservation of organ function are critical. Clinical evidence demonstrates reduced acute and long-term complications, especially in children, though survival benefits over state-of-the-art photon techniques are less consistently established in adults. Modern intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) enhances conformality but introduces uncertainties such as range variation and variable relative biological effectiveness, which necessitate robust treatment planning. While cost and limited accessibility remain barriers to widespread adoption, health-economic analyses suggest proton therapy may be cost-effective in select patient populations with long life expectancy or high risk of treatment-related morbidity. Emerging directions include adaptive strategies, biological optimization, and ultra-high dose-rate “FLASH” proton therapy, which show promise for further widening the therapeutic window. Overall, proton therapy represents a valuable and evolving modality in cancer management, with strongest justification in pediatric and anatomically complex tumors , and ongoing trials are expected to better define its role across common adult cancers.