Green tea - A short review
Abstract
Green tea, which is produced from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant and belongs to the family Theaceae, is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. Over the past 30 years or more, scientists have studied this plant in respect to potential health benefits. The health benefits of green tea for a wide variety of ailments, including different types of cancer, heart disease, and liver disease, were reported. Many of these beneficial effects of green tea are related to its catechin, particularly (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, content. There is evidence from in vitro and animal studies on the underlying mechanisms of green tea catechins and their biological actions. There are also human studies on using green tea catechins to treat metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors. Long-term consumption of tea catechins could be beneficial against high-fat diet-induced obesity and type II diabetes and could reduce the risk of coronary disease. This review is done to spread awareness among general population about the benefits of green tea.
Keywords:
Medicinal plants, Phytoconstituents, Pharmacology, Anti-inflammatory activity
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References
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18. Anand J, Rai N. Green tea: A magical herb with miraculous outcomes. Int Res J Pharm 2012; 3; 139-148.
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23. Ara H, Jaiswal U, Jaiswal VS. Curr Sci 2000; 78: 1438–1444.
24. Redenbaugh K, Paasch BD, Nichol JW, Kossler ME, Viss PR, Walker KA. Biotechnology 1986; 4: 797-801.
25. Nouaille C, Petiard V. Biofutur 1988; 67: 33-38.
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28. Patel AV, Pusch I, Mix-Wagner G, Vorlop KD. Plant Cell Rep 2000; 19: 868-874.
29. Kitto SK, Janick JJ. Am Soc Hortic Sci 1985; 110: 277.
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31. Sinija VR, Mishra HN. Green tea: Health benefits. J Nutr Environ Med 2008;17: 232-242.
32. Manteiga R, Park DL, Ali SS. Risks associated with consumption of herbal teas. Rev Environl Conta Toxicol 1997; 150: 1-30.
33. John F. Herbs in medicine 2003. Internet: http://www.selfhealschool.com/html/herbs_in_medicine.html.
34. Vanessa C, Gary W: A review of the health effects of green tea catechins in in vivo animal models. J Nutr 2004; 134: 3431S-3440S.
35. Roomi MW, Ivanov V, Kalinovsky T, Niedzwiecki A, RathIn M. In vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activity of a mixture of lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on human breast cancer lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Medical Oncol 2007; 22:129-138.
36. Babu PV, Sabitha KE, Shyamaladevi CS. Therapeutic effect of green tea extract on oxidative stress in aorta and
heart of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 162: 114-120.
37. Unno K, Takabayashi F, Yoshida H, Choba D, Fukutomi R, Kikunaga N, Kishido T, Oku N, Hoshino M. Daily consumption of green tea catechin delays memory regression in aged mice. Biogerontology 2007; 8: 89-95.
38. Koo MWL, Cho CH. Pharmacological effects of green tea on the gastrointestinal system. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 500: 177-185.
39. Zaveri NT. Green tea and its polyphenolic catechins: Medicinal uses in cancer and noncancer applications. Life Sci 2006; 78: 2073-2080.
40. Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol 2004; 4:18-21.
41. Meydani M. Nutrition interventions in aging and age associated disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 928: 226-235.
42. Aladaq H, Ercisli S, Gormez A, Yesil D.Z, Yesil M. Antifungal activity of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Res Art 2009; 5: 437-440.
43. Elmets CA, Katiyar SK. Green tea polyphenolic antioxidant and skin protection. Int J Onco 2001; 18:1307-1313.
44. Lee KH, Seong BL, Song JM. Antiviral effect of catechins in green tea on influenza virus. Antiviral Res 2005; 68: 66-74.
45. Ray AB, Sarma BK, Singh UP. Medicinal properties of green tea: Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral a diversity. J Tropl Biol 2004; 6: 126-130.
46. Kumar G, Kumar V, Kumar S, Pricy A. Hepatoprotective effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on cadmium chloride induced toxicity in rats. J Chem Pharm Res 2010; 2:125-128.
47. Debiao LU, Mbata TJ, Saiker A. Antibacterial activity of crude extract of chinese green tea. AfrJ Biotech 2008; 7: 1571-15573.
48. Glucin I. The antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of green tea and black pepper seed, Int J Food Sci Nutr 2005; 56: 491-499.
49. Goto K, Hara Y, Nanjo F, Sakai M, Seto R, Suzuki M. Scavenging effect of tea catechin and their derivatives on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Free Rad Biol Med 1996; 21; 895-902.
50. Nooman A, Farah H, KA, Othman A.A, Zaha EA. Antioxidant activity of common plant. Turk J Biol 2007; 32; 51-55.
51. Ferro-Luzzi A, Ghiselli A, Serfini M. In vivo and in vitro antioxidant effect of green and black tea in man. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 50: 28-32.
52. Agarwal S, Maki KC, Rains TM. Antiobesity effect of green tea catechins: A mechanistic review. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 22: 1-7.
53. Agarwal R, Ahmad N, Feyes DK, Mukhtar H, Nieminen AL. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin3-gallate and induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human carcinoma cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89: 1881-1886.
54. Chen KY, Chen ZP, Ho CT, Schell JB. Green tea epigallocatechin galltae shows pronounced effect on cancerous cell but not on their normal counterparts. Cancer Letters 1998; 129: 173-179.
55. Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Green tea in prevention of cancer. Toxicol Sci 1999; 52: 111-117.
56. Ahmad I, Aqil F, Mehmood Z. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of twelve traditionally used Indian medicinal plants. Turk J Biol 2006; 30: 177-183
57. Schuld A. Green tea, fluoride and the thyroid. Parents of Fluoride Poisoned Children (PFPC),Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada; 1999 August 24; In: webpage at http://bruha.com/fluoride/html/green_tea_f.html
58. Riso P, Erba D, Criscuoli F, Testolin G. Effect of green tea extract on DNA repair and oxidative damage due to H2O2 in Jurkat T cells. Nutr Res 2002; 22: 1143-1150.
59. Chaudhuri T, Das SK, Vedasiromoni JR, Ganguly DK. Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze). J Indian Chem Soc 1997; 72:166-172.
60. Choi YT, Jung CH, Lee SR, Bae JH, Baek WK, Suh MH, Park J, Park CW, Suh, SI. The green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate attenuates beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons. Life Sci 2001;70: 603-614
61. Levites YO, Weinreb G, Maor MB, Youdim, Mandel S. Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin3-gallate prevents N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. J Neurochem 2001; 78: 1073-1082.
2. Kaur HP, Kaur S. Antibacterial activity and phytochemical profile of green tea, black tea and Divya peya herbal tea. Inter J Pure App Biosci 2015; 3: 117-123. 3. Hsu S. Green tea and the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 52:1049-1059.
4. Chacko SM, Thambi PT. Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review. Chinese Med J 2010; 5:1-9.
5. Thasleema S. Aafrin T. Green tea as an antioxidant- A short review. J Pharm Sci Res 2013; 5:171-173.
6. Senanayake SPJN. Green tea extract: Chemistry, antioxidant properties and food applications – A review. J Funct Foods, 2013: 1-13.
7. Acevedo S, Chen C, France E et al. Antimicrobial properties of various green tea products with and without the addition of sugar. [Internet].[Cited 1/3/2018]. Available Form: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/90ca/cf1958965421d485b74490b94ed84b1f4751.pdf
8. Hursel R, Viechtbauer W. The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: A meta-analysis. Int J Obes 2009; 33: 956-961. 9. Kushiyama M, Shimazaki Y Murakami M, Yamashita Y. Relationship between intake of green tea and periodontal disease’, J Periodon 2009; 80: 372-377.
10. Reygaert WC. An update on the health benefits of green tea. Bever J 2017; 3: 1-14.
11. Thiyam B, Ravindra SV. Green tea- A healthy sip. IJSS Case Rep Rev 2015; 1: 55-60.
12. Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. [Internet].[Cited 1/3/2018] Available Form: http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:828548-1.
13. Green tea [Internet].[Cited 2/3/2018] Available Form: http://www.zliving.com/herbs/green-tea-camellia-sinensis-31230/.
14. The different types of Chinese green teas [Internet].[Cited 1/3/2018] Available Form: http://www.theteatrove.com/blog/the-different-types-of-chinese-green-teas/.
15. Types of Japanese tea [Internet].[Cited 1/3/2018] Available Form: https://bento.com/fexp-greentea.html.
16. Gruenwald J. PDR for herbal medicines. 4th ed. New Jersey: Thomson Healthcare 2007: 1817. Dufresne CJ, Farnworth ER. A review of latest research findings on the health promotion properties of tea. J Nutr Biochem 2001; 12: 404-421.
18. Anand J, Rai N. Green tea: A magical herb with miraculous outcomes. Int Res J Pharm 2012; 3; 139-148.
19. Mahmood T, Akhtar N. The morphology, characteristics, and medicinal properties of Camellia sinensis tea. J Med Plants Res 2010; 4: 2028-2033.
20. What is tea called in different languages across the globe [Internet].[Cited 1/3/2018] Available Form: http://www.deeshaindiatea.com/tea-language.php.
21. Botanical information, plant description of Camellia sinensis [Internet].[Cited 2/3/2018] Available Form: https://www.mdidea.com/products/herbextract/tp/data01.html.
22. The cultivation of green tea [Internet].[Cited 2/3/2018] Available Form: https://www.oxfordvitality.co.uk/cultivation-of-green-tea.
23. Ara H, Jaiswal U, Jaiswal VS. Curr Sci 2000; 78: 1438–1444.
24. Redenbaugh K, Paasch BD, Nichol JW, Kossler ME, Viss PR, Walker KA. Biotechnology 1986; 4: 797-801.
25. Nouaille C, Petiard V. Biofutur 1988; 67: 33-38.
26. Dereuddre J, Blandin S, Hasen N. CryoLetters 1991; 12: 125-134.
27. Sakai A, Matsumoto T, Hirai D, Niino T. Newly developed encapsulation dehydration protocol for plantcryopreservation. Cryo Letters 2000; 21: 53-62.
28. Patel AV, Pusch I, Mix-Wagner G, Vorlop KD. Plant Cell Rep 2000; 19: 868-874.
29. Kitto SK, Janick JJ. Am Soc Hortic Sci 1985; 110: 277.
30. Parmar N, Rawat M. Camellia sinensis (Green tea): A review. Global J Pharmacol 2012; 6: 52-59.
31. Sinija VR, Mishra HN. Green tea: Health benefits. J Nutr Environ Med 2008;17: 232-242.
32. Manteiga R, Park DL, Ali SS. Risks associated with consumption of herbal teas. Rev Environl Conta Toxicol 1997; 150: 1-30.
33. John F. Herbs in medicine 2003. Internet: http://www.selfhealschool.com/html/herbs_in_medicine.html.
34. Vanessa C, Gary W: A review of the health effects of green tea catechins in in vivo animal models. J Nutr 2004; 134: 3431S-3440S.
35. Roomi MW, Ivanov V, Kalinovsky T, Niedzwiecki A, RathIn M. In vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activity of a mixture of lysine, proline, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on human breast cancer lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Medical Oncol 2007; 22:129-138.
36. Babu PV, Sabitha KE, Shyamaladevi CS. Therapeutic effect of green tea extract on oxidative stress in aorta and
heart of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 162: 114-120.
37. Unno K, Takabayashi F, Yoshida H, Choba D, Fukutomi R, Kikunaga N, Kishido T, Oku N, Hoshino M. Daily consumption of green tea catechin delays memory regression in aged mice. Biogerontology 2007; 8: 89-95.
38. Koo MWL, Cho CH. Pharmacological effects of green tea on the gastrointestinal system. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 500: 177-185.
39. Zaveri NT. Green tea and its polyphenolic catechins: Medicinal uses in cancer and noncancer applications. Life Sci 2006; 78: 2073-2080.
40. Tsuneki H, Ishizuka M, Terasawa M, Wu JB, Sasaoka T, Kimura I. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol 2004; 4:18-21.
41. Meydani M. Nutrition interventions in aging and age associated disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 928: 226-235.
42. Aladaq H, Ercisli S, Gormez A, Yesil D.Z, Yesil M. Antifungal activity of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). Res Art 2009; 5: 437-440.
43. Elmets CA, Katiyar SK. Green tea polyphenolic antioxidant and skin protection. Int J Onco 2001; 18:1307-1313.
44. Lee KH, Seong BL, Song JM. Antiviral effect of catechins in green tea on influenza virus. Antiviral Res 2005; 68: 66-74.
45. Ray AB, Sarma BK, Singh UP. Medicinal properties of green tea: Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral a diversity. J Tropl Biol 2004; 6: 126-130.
46. Kumar G, Kumar V, Kumar S, Pricy A. Hepatoprotective effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on cadmium chloride induced toxicity in rats. J Chem Pharm Res 2010; 2:125-128.
47. Debiao LU, Mbata TJ, Saiker A. Antibacterial activity of crude extract of chinese green tea. AfrJ Biotech 2008; 7: 1571-15573.
48. Glucin I. The antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of green tea and black pepper seed, Int J Food Sci Nutr 2005; 56: 491-499.
49. Goto K, Hara Y, Nanjo F, Sakai M, Seto R, Suzuki M. Scavenging effect of tea catechin and their derivatives on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Free Rad Biol Med 1996; 21; 895-902.
50. Nooman A, Farah H, KA, Othman A.A, Zaha EA. Antioxidant activity of common plant. Turk J Biol 2007; 32; 51-55.
51. Ferro-Luzzi A, Ghiselli A, Serfini M. In vivo and in vitro antioxidant effect of green and black tea in man. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 50: 28-32.
52. Agarwal S, Maki KC, Rains TM. Antiobesity effect of green tea catechins: A mechanistic review. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 22: 1-7.
53. Agarwal R, Ahmad N, Feyes DK, Mukhtar H, Nieminen AL. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin3-gallate and induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human carcinoma cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 1997; 89: 1881-1886.
54. Chen KY, Chen ZP, Ho CT, Schell JB. Green tea epigallocatechin galltae shows pronounced effect on cancerous cell but not on their normal counterparts. Cancer Letters 1998; 129: 173-179.
55. Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Green tea in prevention of cancer. Toxicol Sci 1999; 52: 111-117.
56. Ahmad I, Aqil F, Mehmood Z. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of twelve traditionally used Indian medicinal plants. Turk J Biol 2006; 30: 177-183
57. Schuld A. Green tea, fluoride and the thyroid. Parents of Fluoride Poisoned Children (PFPC),Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada; 1999 August 24; In: webpage at http://bruha.com/fluoride/html/green_tea_f.html
58. Riso P, Erba D, Criscuoli F, Testolin G. Effect of green tea extract on DNA repair and oxidative damage due to H2O2 in Jurkat T cells. Nutr Res 2002; 22: 1143-1150.
59. Chaudhuri T, Das SK, Vedasiromoni JR, Ganguly DK. Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Camellia sinensis L. (O. Kuntze). J Indian Chem Soc 1997; 72:166-172.
60. Choi YT, Jung CH, Lee SR, Bae JH, Baek WK, Suh MH, Park J, Park CW, Suh, SI. The green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate attenuates beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons. Life Sci 2001;70: 603-614
61. Levites YO, Weinreb G, Maor MB, Youdim, Mandel S. Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin3-gallate prevents N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. J Neurochem 2001; 78: 1073-1082.
Published
30/04/2018
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[1]
R. R. S. Rishi Raj Shrivastava, P. P. Pradeep Pateriya, and M. S. Mahendra Singh, “Green tea - A short review”, Int J Indig Herb Drug, pp. 12-21, Apr. 2018.
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Review Articles
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